The costs required for the structural components of a building need to be estimated by considering the earthquake potential [41–43]. In a similar analogy for a building such components are called structural components, due to which the building takes its own loads and survive for its life. Foundation: 5 2. Basic Components of a Building. Walls are vertical elements which support the roof. A floor provided for accommodation below the natural ground level is termed as basement floor. The concluding appearance of a building depends on such works. The structural components of roof decking in case of pitched roof is generally a truss, in case of curved roof it is a shell or dome and in case of flat roof it is a flat slab. Walls: 8 5. Foundation. A pier is introduced to increase the stiffness of the wall to carry additional load or to carry vertical concentrated load. Super Structure: The part of building that is above ground level. Architectural columns are constructed to improve the building’s aesthetics while a structural column takes the load coming from the slab above and transfers safely to the foundation. To achieve this, the designer must make sure that the superstructure, foundation and soil act together. Every component has its own function. Columns can be of two types: Architectural columns and structural columns. 2. Corner Columns . Login to The Constructor to ask questions, answer people’s questions, write articles & connect with other people. 12 Basic Components of a Building Structure, Substructure and Superstructure in Building Construction, What is Cross Wall Construction? In a well-planned layout, the walls divide the space in such a manner so as to achieve maximum carpet area and minimum area of circulation. The terracing serves dual purpose i.e. Sub Structure: The part of building that is constructed below ground level. This is known as a lintel, and is similar in character to beam. Structural Components. When bricks are used as building units it is known as brick masonry and when stones are used as building units it is termed as stone masonry. 1. The structural system of a high-rise building is designed to cope with vertical gravity loads as well as lateral loads caused by wind or seismic activity. footing and plinth of a building are a part of a sub-structure. The foundation is the most critical structural component of any structure and many failures are probably due to faulty foundations rather than any other cause. To reduce risk of failure due to settlement of soil. All Rights Reserved. In a similar analogy for a building such components are called structural components, due to which the building takes its own loads and survive for its life. They are normally provided as partition walls. Buildings may also be constructed as a framed structure with columns and footings and then Walled. In view of the above the walls, columns etc., are structural components of the building. Beams are structural components on which the slabs rest. He is also co-founder of 1mnt.in, the first-in-Industry software for contractors’ billing. Floors are flat supporting structural components of a building. It can be made from stones, bricks, concrete blocks, etc. Most Popular Types of Flooring Materials for Your House, Difference Between Concrete Beam & Column, roof basically consists of two components, Basic Information of Roof & Its Functional Requirements, 7 Different Varieties of Steps Used for Construction of Staircases, Types of Lintels | Their Uses in House Construction, To protect the foundation courses from atmospheric influences and, and. The stair should be constructed in such a manner that it is safe and comfortable to use and it should be so located as to permit easy communication. A slab is usually several inches thick and supported by beams, columns, walls, or the ground. The portion of the structure between the surface of the surrounding ground and surface of the floor, immediately above the ground known as a plinth. Beams and slabs form the horizontal members in a building. Metal buildings are secured onto a poured concrete foundation. The basic components of a building structure are the foundation, floors, walls, beams, columns, roof, stair, etc. Plinth Weather Shades or chhajjas are generally combined with lintels of windows to protect them from the weather elements such as sun, rain, frost etc. Column: 9 6. It covers the top face of the building. WHAT IS BUILDING Any structure for whatsoever purpose and of whatsoever materials constructed and every part thereof whether used as human habitation or not and includes foundation, plinth, walls, floors, roofs, chimneys, plumbing and building services, fixed … Loads are usually divided into the following categories: Dead loads, which result from the mass of all the elements of the building, including footings, foundation, walls, suspended floors, frame and roof. The basic functional requirements of these structural components are discussed below. The basic components of a building structure are foundations, floors, walls, beams, columns, roofs, staircase, etc. 4.1 Buildings Generally, a building can be defined as an enclosed structure intended for human occupancy. Sink and toilet facilities, sprinkler systems, fire escapes, elevators and escalators do not qualify. They divide a building into different levels so that creating more accommodation on a given plot of land. The structural component that supports the roof cover is called a roof deck. To increase the stability of structure against overturning due to wind uplift. Why You Might Need to Upgrade Your Windows? Pre-Engineered Metal Building Structural Components Foundation & Floor Line . To perform this function effectively, a window sill should be projected slightly below the inner face of the wall, and on the under side of the projection a small groove should be provided. Such as: 1. Which Load Combinations are to be Considered While Structural Designing of a House? All buildings have similar components such as foundation, plinth, walls, floors, doors, windows and roof. Parapets are installed for flat roofs. (i) Providing suitable slopes on the roof top for draining of rain water. All Rights Reserved. In case of a multi-storey building, the beam transfers the load coming from the floor above the slab which is in turn transferred to the columns. (ii) of acting an insulation layer for providing thermal comfort to the users of the space below. 16. Structural components are the primary load bearing components of a building, and each have their own structural properties which need to be considered. 2. Ltd. Super Structure • The superstructure is that part of the building which is above the ground and which serves the purpose of building’s intended use. Any object or a building in order to survive its designed life and serve the function for which it is designed has to bear its own loads and loads applied or loads coming over it. Structural component means any part of the frame- work of a building or other structure. In many places in the masonry, we use arches and lintels. The openings are provided in the wall of a building to accommodate the doors or windows. The structural system consists only of the members designed to carry the loads, and all other members are referred to as non-structural. Read More: 21 Types of Beams in Construction. Painting walls 4. He has a Master’s degree in Civil Engineering (MS-USA) and has diverse experience of 12 years in multiple disciplines. The walls are constructed over the DPC. Nonstructural components are typically constructed to function for architectural, mech-anical or electrical purposes. Structural system, in building construction, the particular method of assembling and constructing structural elements of a building so that they support and transmit applied loads safely to the ground without exceeding the allowable stresses in the members.Basic types of systems include bearing-wall, post-and-lintel, frame, membrane, and suspension. 1 Components Of A Building: 2 1. Living Room & Its Furniture For Your Home! A slab is a structural component that is used to create flat horizontal surfaces such as floors, roof decks and ceilings. Kitchen setup 3. Sthapati Designers & Consultants Pvt. This structure is a covering that is provided to protect the building from rain, snow, wind, sun and other adverse effects. Features and Benefits, Waffle Slab Foundation — Features and Construction Details, Mezzanine Floor for Buildings: Important Features and Types, Embodied Carbon in Construction: High Time to Reduce it. From that point of view a chair should have sufficient strong thick legs and firm support and so on. Wall Tiles and Floor Tiles: What is the Difference? provided over the sub-floor as a finishing layer for aesthetics. Walls provide an enclosure and protect against wind, sunshine, rain etc. They are incorporated into the overall building structural system by a building designer.Examples are wood or steel roof trusses, floor trusses, floor panels, I-joists, or engineered beams and headers. Damp proof course may be defined as a structure comprising of a.. Flat horizontal surfaces such as partitions and ceilings acting an insulation layer for.! 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